<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Orientations of the parties at the Jeddah Summit for Security and Development</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Assoc. Prof. Dr. <span style="color: #3598db;">Atheer Nazim Al-Jasour</span></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Faculty of Science</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Al-Mustansiriya University.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Fromone summit to another</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, the father<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>works to </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">document her fears and work through</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> them to </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">confirm her desires and achieve what she aspires</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> to, and </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>that such summits not only work to determine the relationship between their parties, but also push towards embracing new formulas, whether political, economic or military, based on a number of common factors among them to make joint action a model that pushes countries to be active in their surroundings and effective.In its issues and the issues of other countries, the summit carries in its title two basic variables suffered by many countries of the region, especially those that have suffered fierce setbacks, whether at the hands of the major powers represented by the United States of America or those that suffered from internal fissures or others that suffered from terrorism and the growth of terrorist groups in them, so the two meetings necessarily consider the issues of the region specific to their orientations, especially and there is a great feeling among everyone that they must<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>They proceed according to different premises and strategies because of the surprises that the international and regional box holds</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, and the </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">solutions that stabilize their security andthe region.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Countries participating in the Jeddah Summit and their representatives</span></strong></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Representative</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">1</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Saudi Arabia</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">King &ndash; Crown Prince</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">2</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Qatar</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Prince Tamim bin Hamad</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">3</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">United States</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">President Joe Biden</span></p>
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<td style="width: 25.55pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="34">
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">4</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Iraq</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Prime Minister Mustafa Al-Kazemi</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">5</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">United Arab Emirates</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">President Mohamed bin Zayed</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">6</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Bahrain</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">King Hamad bin Isa</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">7</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Kuwait</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Deputy Emir and Crown Prince</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">8</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Jordan</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">King Abdullah bin Al Hussein</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">9</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Egypt</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">10</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Oman</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Sultan's Representative</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">11</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Gulf Cooperation Council</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Secretary General Nayef Falah Al-Hajraf</span></p>
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</table>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; color: white; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-ansi-language: EN;">There were a number of issues centered on the threat, the economy, energy, Israel and setting </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">priorities</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>whether for Arab </span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>countries </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">or major powers</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, as </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">a result</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> of the </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">summit</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> and the </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">reasons</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> that made them </span><a name="_GoBack"></a><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>go </span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>towards the idea of </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">joint action that achieves integration and cooperation in many aspects</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, and </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">this reflectsa strategic</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> change </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">for</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> some countries and the need for integration in </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>other countries in addition to the idea of achieving interests, It may</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> be read from the reality of the participating countries that </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>there are countries that have become essential in the region and others that must be present because of the need to cooperate with them and integrate them into this new structure</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, such as Iraq, </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">with the absence of some or</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">key partners such as </span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>Turkey and the </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>presence of Israel even if it does not attend</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">and through that, </span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>the meeting stressed </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">the following:</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="LTR" style="margin-left: 29.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; text-indent: -.25in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><strong><span style="font-family: 'Simplified Arabic',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Simplified Arabic'; mso-bidi-language: AR-IQ;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1-<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span></strong><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Support targeted diplomatic effortsto de-escalate regional tensions.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="LTR" style="margin-left: 29.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; text-indent: -.25in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><strong><span style="font-family: 'Simplified Arabic',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Simplified Arabic'; mso-bidi-language: AR-IQ;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2-<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span></strong><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Deepening defence, security and intelligence</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> cooperation</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="LTR" style="margin-left: 29.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; text-indent: -.25in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><strong><span style="font-family: 'Simplified Arabic',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Simplified Arabic'; mso-bidi-language: AR-IQ;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3-<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span></strong><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>Ensure the freedom and security of maritime lanes.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="LTR" style="margin-left: 29.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; text-indent: -.25in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><strong><span style="font-family: 'Simplified Arabic',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Simplified Arabic'; mso-bidi-language: AR-IQ;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4-<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span></strong><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Ensure that the Gulf region is free of all weapons of mass destruction; </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="LTR" style="margin-left: 29.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; text-indent: -.25in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><strong><span style="font-family: 'Simplified Arabic',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Simplified Arabic'; mso-bidi-language: AR-IQ;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5-<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span></strong><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Prevent Iran from developing a nuclear weapon by pursuing diplomatic efforts.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="LTR" style="margin-left: 29.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; text-indent: -.25in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><strong><span style="font-family: 'Simplified Arabic',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Simplified Arabic';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6-<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span></strong><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>Confronting terrorism and all activities that destabilize security and stability.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="LTR" style="margin-left: 29.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; text-indent: -.25in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><strong><span style="font-family: 'Simplified Arabic',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Simplified Arabic';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7-<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span></strong><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>Cooperation and coordination between the countries gathered todevelop joint defense and deterrence capabilities against the increasing risks of the proliferation of drone and winged missile systems, and the arming of "terrorist militias" and armed groups,</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">continued.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="LTR" style="margin-left: 29.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; text-indent: -.25in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><strong><span style="font-family: 'Simplified Arabic',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Simplified Arabic';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8-<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span></strong><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Developing joint cooperation in support of international economic</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">improvement efforts.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Although the Jeddah summit came out with decisions and statements launched by the leaders</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> of the countries that many see </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">as consistent in terms of content and objectives, the reality of regional and international events poses a set of challenges that we see hindering the implementation of what came out of this summit</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">yes, harmony between countries is required at the current stage, but the question here is whether the issues addressed and the decisions that came out of it are in fact consistent with their political, economic and security interests?, especially since they are a set of measures that require Involving allies </span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>and </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">friends</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> to find </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>new formulas through </span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>which to deal </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">with events</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> in the region and the world, and to </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>find important solutions to all the challenges that hinder countries' projects, progress and stability at the internal and external levels</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">as a result, there are different trends or even to be more accurate There are three basic trends that prioritize goals and interests and reduce, reduce or contain risks after the challenges facing the region have been diagnosed first and launched Towards finding solutions or at least finding alternatives to reduce the roles that may be obstructive to thisor that direction, </span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>as </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">well as the fear</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> of the </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">effects that regional and global events may have on the economies of countries, in addition to the most important issue of protecting and safety of energy supply lines.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">What we are trying to show here is that the assembled parties are unequal in capabilities, meaning that they are unable to unite their efforts due to a set of factors that required these countries to participate in achieving such a summit, the most important of which is the security factor, which has become one of the biggest challenges facing these countries, especially terrorism, which is on the outskirts of their borders, and the wars in which they have immersed themselves, which made them stand in front of a security dilemma that threatens this in all aspects, especially as they try to control TheGulf Arab states suffer from the problem </span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>of the danger they fear represented by </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">the Iranian</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> orientations and </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>its quest to acquire nuclear weapons, in addition to the social issues</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> that they are </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">trying to surround and contain afterIran's political and social orientations are considered one of the biggest challenges facing them, and therefore they are working to limit this danger by finding formulas of cooperation with regional partners. And the international to reduce this danger, also dominates the Gulf scene the idea of leadership for which Qatar and Saudi Arabia compete by presenting visions</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> and directions separately to influence the partners, and this as a result is in the achievement of interests, </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>and</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> the </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">other direction is what the United States of America sees</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>as it starts from three directions in the region</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">the first is to work to limit<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Iran And maximizing its danger in the region through the discourse directed by </span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>the </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>US</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">administration</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, which believes that the presence of </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>an adversary or enemy such as Iran</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> in the region </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">gives it pretexts for intervention and believesthat the countries of this region will still need the presence of the American umbrella<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>to protect it, </span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>and the </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">other</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">direction<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>has become necessary forAmerican strategic thinking topreserve its interests in the region through presence and communication And participation in such summits </span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>in the hope that they will produce more accurate cooperation formulas to </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">fight Iran and other countries that are obstructive </span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>to </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">American</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> projects in the region, and the third trend for the </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">United States </span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>is to ensure the security of the </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Israeli</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> entity and </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>ward off the danger and work to produce formulas of cooperation with it even if it is objected to its arbitrary measures against the Palestinian people, as for the orientations of other countries, the rest of the Gulf countries are in the orbit of the Kingdom Saudi Arabia or working under the umbrella of the Gulf Cooperation Council</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, and Egypt is trying to formulate a </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>new</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> model of </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>work, partnership and integration to restore its role in leading the Arab front, as for Iraq, cooperation, participation and mutual need The rest of the countries see</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> in Iraq today a product of </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>stability and a product of instability</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">in addition to that itis trying to drag Iraq into the Arab embrace again mmIt helps to strengthen its role within it and control Iranian and American influence in it. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">What the assembled countries did not see is that there is a major crack </span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>in the security of the region, which </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">in turn affects </span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>the security of the political and economic countries, and the </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">most important</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> energy </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">security</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">which occupied the thinking of the leaders at this summit, as the latter</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> is the sustainability of the continuation of </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>these countries andany threat to the </span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>continued flow of energy (oil </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">- gas) will calm downD necessarily their national security</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, and the other </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">aspect </span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>that </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">the discussion of developments related to security and development is in itself indicates that these countries could<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>have worked to sustain development in many countries, especially those that intervened</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> in the issue of changing </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">the regimes in them and today they are failed states unable to rule their people, but more than that, violence prevailed, extremism, poverty and displacement, as they moved away from the idea of Arab security and integration in political issues. There<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>can be no plans to arrange priorities unless there is serious work to achieve peace at various levels, especially with<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>parties that countries see as threatening them, such as Turkey and Iran. Also, there was no talk about comprehensive national security for all Arab and non-Arab countries, such as American </span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>and </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Israeli</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> national security, and </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>this is due to the fact that the countries of the region are fragmented into political units, each with its own system and independent political decision, which is moving towards the narrow policy of the Qatari state, which makes it difficult to unify its political, economic and military decision, so the issue of the countries gathered in fact does not come out of the scope of focus on maintaining the existence of the state entity land, people and system, in conclusion, the Jeddah summit It is only the top of the order of cards for countries with regard to</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> their </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>interests</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, objectives and the consequences of the </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>outcomes of <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>regional and international</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">events,</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> considering that the </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;">security and development</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> of </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>these countries is a national trend that does not exceed borders, in the end it will not be considered a cross-border strategy. </span></p>